本文整理了全面的冶金专业词汇中英文对照，涵盖冶金工业核心领域 —— 从钢铁工业、工厂类型（如铁厂、钢厂、炼焦厂）到关键设备（鼓风炉、转炉、轧机等）的结构与名称，详细列出原料（铁矿石、焦炭、熔剂）、金属材料（铸铁、生铁、各类钢材）及冶金工序（熔炼、精炼、轧制、锻造等）的专业术语。无论是冶金工程学习、行业文献阅读、跨境技术交流还是工业翻译场景，这份对照表都能提供精准的术语参考，助力快速掌握冶金领域核心词汇，提升专业沟通效率。
| 英文 |
中文 |
| iron and steel industry |
钢铁工业 |
| ironworks |
铁厂 |
| foundry |
铸造车间 |
| steelworks, steel mill |
钢厂 |
| coking plant |
炼焦厂 |
| electrometallurgy |
电冶金学 |
| powder metallurgy |
粉末冶金学 |
| 英文 |
中文 |
| blast furnace |
鼓风炉 |
| mouth, throat |
炉口 |
| hopper, chute |
料斗 |
| stack |
炉身 |
| belly |
炉腰 |
| bosh |
炉腹 |
| crucible |
炉缸 |
| slag tap |
放渣口 |
| taphole |
出铁口，出渣口 |
| pig bed |
铸床 |
| mould (美：mold) |
铸模 |
| tuyere, nozzle |
风口 |
| ingot mould (美：ingot mold) |
锭模 |
| floor |
平台 |
| hearth |
炉底 |
| charger |
装料机 |
| ladle |
铁水包，钢水包 |
| dust catcher |
除尘器 |
| washer |
洗涤塔 |
| converter |
转炉 |
| hoist |
卷扬机 |
| compressor |
压缩机 |
| tilting mixer |
可倾式混铁炉 |
| regenerator |
蓄热室 |
| heat exchanger |
热交换器 |
| gas purifier |
煤气净化器 |
| turbocompressor |
涡轮压缩机 |
| burner |
烧嘴 |
| cupola |
化铁炉，冲天炉 |
| emptier |
排空装置 |
| trough |
铁水沟，排渣沟 |
| skip |
料车 |
| rolling mill |
轧机，轧钢机 |
| blooming mill |
初轧机 |
| roller |
辊 |
| bed |
底座 |
| rolling-mill housing |
轧机机架 |
| drawbench |
拔管机，拉丝机 |
| drawplate |
拉模板 |
| shaft furnace |
竖炉 |
| refining furnace |
精炼炉 |
| reverberatory furnace |
反射炉 |
| hearth furnace |
床式反射炉 |
| firebrick lining |
耐火砖衬 |
| retort |
反应罐 |
| muffle |
马弗炉 |
| roof, arch |
炉顶 |
| 英文 |
中文 |
| forge |
锻造 |
| press |
压锻 |
| pile hammer |
打桩锤 |
| drop hammer |
落锤 |
| die |
拉模 |
| blowlamp (美：blowtorch) |
吹炬 |
| crusher |
破碎机 |
| 英文 |
中文 |
| iron ore |
铁矿石 |
| coke |
焦炭 |
| bauxite |
铁钒土 |
| alumina |
铝 |
| cryolite |
冰晶石 |
| flux |
熔剂 |
| limestone flux |
石灰石溶剂 |
| haematite (美：hematite) |
赤铁矿 |
| gangue |
脉石 |
| cast iron |
铸铁 |
| cast iron ingot |
铸铁锭 |
| slag |
炉渣 |
| soft iron |
软铁 |
| pig iron |
生铁 |
| wrought iron |
熟铁 |
| iron ingot |
铁锭 |
| puddled iron |
搅炼熟铁 |
| round iron |
圆铁 |
| scrap iron |
废铁 |
| steel |
钢 |
| crude steel |
粗钢 |
| mild steel, soft steel |
软钢，低碳钢 |
| hard steel |
硬钢 |
| cast steel |
坩埚钢，铸钢 |
| stainless steel |
不锈钢 |
| electric steel |
电工钢，电炉钢 |
| high-speed steel |
高速钢 |
| moulded steel |
铸钢 |
| refractory steel |
热强钢，耐热钢 |
| alloy steel |
合金钢 |
| plate, sheet |
薄板 |
| corrugated iron |
瓦垅薄钢板 |
| tinplate, tin |
马口铁 |
| finished product |
成品，产品 |
| semifinished product |
半成品，中间产品 |
| ferrous products |
铁制品 |
| coiled sheet |
带状薄板 |
| bloom |
初轧方坯 |
| metal strip, metal band |
铁带，钢带 |
| billet |
坯锭，钢坯 |
| shavings |
剃边 |
| profiled bar |
异型钢材 |
| shape, section |
型钢 |
| angle iron |
角钢 |
| frit |
烧结 |
| wire |
线材 |
| ferronickel |
镍铁 |
| elinvar |
镍铬恒弹性钢 |
| ferrite |
铁氧体，铁醇盐 |
| cementite |
渗碳体，碳化铁 |
| pearlite |
珠光体 |
| 英文 |
中文 |
| charging, loading |
装料，炉料 |
| fusion, melting, smelting |
熔炼 |
| remelting |
再熔化，重熔 |
| refining |
精炼 |
| casting |
出铁 |
| to cast |
出铁 |
| tapping |
出渣，出钢，出铁 |
| to insufflate, to inject |
注入 |
| heating |
加热 |
| preheating |
预热 |
| tempering |
回火 |
| temper |
回火 |
| hardening |
淬水 |
| annealing |
退火 |
| reduction |
还原 |
| cooling |
冷却 |
| decarbonization, decarburization |
脱碳 |
| coking |
炼焦 |
| slagging, scorification |
造渣 |
| carburization |
渗碳 |
| case hardening |
表面硬化 |
| cementation |
渗碳 |
| fritting, sintering |
烧结 |
| puddling |
搅炼 |
| pulverization |
粉化，雾化 |
| nitriding |
渗氮 |
| alloy |
合金 |
| floatation, flotation |
浮选 |
| patternmaking |
制模 |
| moulding (美：molding) |
成型 |
| calcination |
煅烧 |
| amalgamation |
汞齐化 |
| rolling |
轧制 |
| drawing |
拉拔 |
| extrusion |
挤压 |
| wiredrawing |
拉丝 |
| stamping, pressing |
冲压 |
| die casting |
拉模铸造 |
| forging |
锻造 |
| turning |
车削 |
| milling |
铣削 |
| machining, tooling |
加工 |
| autogenous welding, fusion welding |
氧炔焊 |
| arc welding |
电弧焊 |
| electrolysis |
电解 |
| trimming |
清理焊缝 |
| blowhole |
气孔 |
